The biblical vision of creation care begins not with ownership, but with stewardship. In Genesis 1:28, humanity is given “dominion” over the earth. Yet dominion in Scripture reflects God’s own kingship—marked by justice, mercy and provision—not exploitation. Psalm 24:1 (NIV) says that “The earth is the Lord’s, and everything in it,” so we are but caretakers of what ultimately belongs to God.
This distinction between stewardship and ownership is crucial in an age of climate change, biodiversity loss and industrial farming. When we behave as owners, we consume without restraint. When we see ourselves as stewards, we ask how our choices affect soil, sea, sky and all living creatures. The lens shifts from careless consumption to responsible consideration. Christian stewardship recognises that creation is not disposable; it is declared “very good” (Genesis 1:31).
Theological reflection on animals deepens this calling. Throughout Scripture, animals are portrayed as recipients of God’s covenantal care (Genesis 9:9–10). They praise God in their own way (Psalm 148:10-13), and God’s compassion extends to them (Jonah 4:11). While Scripture
does not give detailed descriptions of animals in the afterlife, it affirms that God’s restorative plan encompasses the whole created order (Romans 8:21-23).
Animal welfare, then, is not merely sentimental; it is theological. Proverbs 12:10 (NIV) teaches that “the righteous care for the needs of their animals.” How we treat animals—whether in agriculture, research or companionship—reveals our understanding of God’s character. Cruelty contradicts the Creator’s compassion.
To practise stewardship today is to live with gratitude and restraint: reducing waste, supporting humane practices, protecting habitats and remembering that creation is not ours to dominate. It is God’s to delight in.
Bishop Philip Lim was elected Bishop of The Methodist Church in Singapore in 2024. Previously, he served as a missionary in Cambodia under the Methodist Missions Society (MMS), and as Executive Director of MMS from 2012 to 2018.
